![]() Keywords: Albucasis (al-Zahrawi) surgery obstetrics medical illustrations, elite patronage At least some of that pictorial investment shows the Surgery being exploited because it contained material found in no other Latin surgical text: detailed instructions on gynecological and obstetrical surgery, a field in which learned male practitioners were increasingly involved from the late thirteenth century on. Already heavily illustrated in Arabic, the Latin Surgery elicited even more material and labor investment as Italian and French copyists developed its iconographic character further. This limited circulation connects, I argue, to the particular uses of this text that were at once academic, practical, and 'popular'. ![]() ![]() Whereas other surgical texts circulated quite widely in western Europe, up until the fifteenth century Albucasis's work was copied only in Italy and, to a lesser extent, in southern France. Entirely invisible for the first half century after its translation, the work began to circulate about the second quarter of the thirteenth century, first in the company of other translations by Gerard, then among other works on surgery, and then on its own. ![]() Abstract: This essay examines the circulation of Gerard of Cremona's twelfth-century Latin translation of the Surgery of al-Zahrawi (Albucasis), a work composed in Arabic in Umayyad Spain around the year 1000. ![]()
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