![]() ![]() a Peloponnesian coalition under Sparta launched a long and costly war against Athens, concluding in a costly Spartan victory in 404 B.C. Naturally, Athens's power aroused jealousy in the two other prominent Greek powers: Sparta and Corinth. For many, Pericles (460–429 B.C.), one of the greatest rulers of Athenian history, was the living embodiment of the achievements of this period. The extension of Athenian commerce and political influence throughout the Mediterranean brought in great revenue, stabilized the nascent state, and provided the funds necessary to adorn the Acropolis with public buildings graced by an unmatched purity of style. and embarked upon a tremendously expansive age, matching internal democracy with imperialism abroad. ![]() The Athenians pushed back the Persians in 480 B.C. Abroad, the Persian Empire, founded by Cyrus the Great, had already absorbed all of Asia Minor and extended its influence over the Ionian Greeks. ![]() the tyrannical Pisistratus and his sons were in command, but just five years later a series of swift constitutional changes were begun, culminating in the establishment of democracy. ![]() During that time, Athens experienced tremendous political, social and economic change. and the defeat of Athens by Sparta in 404 B.C. Most of these were composed in the years between the defeat of the Persians by the Greeks at Salamis in 480 B.C. The three great Greek tragedians Aeschylus (525–456 B.C.) Sophocles (497–405 B.C.) and Euripides (485–406 B.C.) wrote a composite ninety-two plays, of which seventeen survived. ![]()
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